Several third parties, such as the Libertarian, Reform, and Green parties, have emerged over time. Check COVID-19 updates on military and overseas voting. Theres almost no direct benefit of voting but there is always a cost: the time and effort involved in the voting process. PubMedGoogle Scholar, 1987 Martin Harrop and William L. Miller, Harrop, M., Miller, W.L. dxdy+(x2x+1)y=e2x, voting based on what is in the citizen's best intent, voting based on whether a party candidate in power should be reelected based on the past, based on predictions on how future will perform, supporting a party by voting for a from one party for all offices, regular polling system done by state election officials, a local meeting to discuss/express support for candidates and by the parties, having primaries and caucus as early as possible, Chapter 15 Voting Rights and Voting Behavior, WQI, Total Solids and Unit Conversion Review, Accounting 161 Terms - Chapter 8, 9, 10, 11, Shifts in the exchange rate - Imports / expor, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry. Mass-media coverage raises awareness of certain topics, thereby increasing the public demand for government action. (1984) Continuity and Change in Spanish Politics, in R. Dalton, S. Flanagan and P. Beck (eds) Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Societies (Princeton: Princeton University Press). The 15th Amendment addresses African American men during this time, whereas it wasnt until the 19th Amendment women could truly be a part of voting. The two major political parties in the United States are, of course, the Democratic and Republican parties. (1982) Partisan Dealignment in the American Electorate: Itemising the Deductions since 1964, American Political Science Review, vol. %PDF-1.6
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MARKUS, G. (1982) Political Attitudes during an Election Year: a Report on the 1980 NES Panel Study, American Political Science Review, vol. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. 9N
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3. economic status Christopher Hutton has been covering topics of technology and culture for multiple years, with work appearing in VICE, Paste Magazine and Religion News Service. Traditional news media, such as TV and newspapers, provide political information and shape public opinion. 8. geography Acceptable descriptions include: Taylor Swift's Instagram post addresses voter registration procedures which are a structural barrier to voting. Social media and the changing nature of media are significantly changing the way campaigns are run and political issues are communicated. Xb]uP"^# =YQ|q;>akIB }
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VqJDBnm?,ZkU5McS7xYx!-wb%?Plcnxv\+LK%/03u_c5)nkk0K^|SDz'L|,!Tdi'l Is voting an act of affirmation or of choice? AP U.S. Government and Politics Course Overview . Voting to decide whether the party or candidate in power should be re-elected based on the recent past. Posted 5 years ago. 78, pp. - This includes resident aliens, people with disabling mental conditions, and adults in prison. then the 15th, 19th, and 26th amendments would all be correct answers. The primary reason that voters vote is to get information to their elected leaders. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. (1984) The Electorate in H. Berrington (ed. Prospective Voting. An amendment to the U.S. Constitution guaranteeing women the right to vote; ratified in 1920. 57, pp. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Distinguished Writer in Residence, New York University. CrossRef NORPETH, H. and RUSK, J. We shouldnt be voting, right?. One no more chooses a party than one chooses a religious or national identity. CONVERSE, P. (1969) Of Time and Partisan Stability, Comparative Political Studies, vol. 6. religion Direct labor is a variable cost at Come-Clean Corporation. The sales manager feels that it would be more profitable to sell all of the Grit 337 as a cleaning powder. I cant control what youre doing, but I can think about my options, says Andrea Jones-Rooy, an independent researcher (and sometime stand-up comedian) with a Ph.D. in political science, at a recent talk held at New York Citys Caveat on why voting is not, strictly speaking, a rational act. 7891. In the party identification model, the act of voting is seen as expressive, not instrumental. (1987). Although interest groups are not mentioned in the Constitution, the Framers were well aware of the potential damage they could cause if left unregulated (. Elections are becoming more volatile. 76, pp. (1976, 1979) The Changing American Voter (Cambridge, Mass. While interest groups focus primarily on policy outcomes, political parties seek to win elections. ROBERTSON, D. (1976b) A Theory of Party Competition (London: Wiley). 810 0 obj
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Income level also plays a significant part in whether or not someone will turn out to vote; with lower-income Americans less encouraged to vote, or limited due to family or employment commitments. Extended suffrage to people aged 18-20 years old by lowering the voting age from 21 to 18. Or is it time for a new person, such as Joe Biden, to take over? The temptation would be to save yourself the time and effort associated with voting, while relying on the other person to go out and vote instead. DECLERCQ, E., HURLEY, T. L. and LUTTBERG, N. R. (1976) Voting in American Presidential Elections, in S. A. Kirkpatrick (ed. Science, Health and Environmental Reporting Program
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$ Voting rights and models of voting behavior: lesson overview, Voting rights and models of voter behavior, Level up on the above skills and collect up to 160 Mastery points, Linkage institutions and political parties, Evolution of political parties in picking candidates and voter mobilization, How and why political parties change and adapt: lesson overview, How and why political parties change and adapt, Interest groups influencing policymaking: lesson overview, Level up on the above skills and collect up to 320 Mastery points, Groups influencing policy outcomes: lesson overview, Open primaries, closed primaries, and blanket primaries, Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, Level up on the above skills and collect up to 400 Mastery points. Voters are also psychological barriers to voting ap gov. 6. gender, voting tends to be fairly uniform among states, meaning certain regions of the country will tend to vote for certain candidates, swing states where the democratic nor republican candidate wins a majority of the time, took polls to see who would win presidential elections, only people who paid for the magazine would vote causing biased statistics, random sampling polls replacing literary digest polls, what polls predict to happen vs. what actually happens then try to get percent error and correct for the average, people do not want to talk to the person on the phone or do not answer, using misleading information to impact someone's opinion, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole. Party-Line Voting. Most people would love a reality where everyone else but themselves turns out to vote, as that removes the cost of waiting in line and using your time to do so. There are evidence which shows fewer people identify with a stronger party compare to 40 years ago. An amendment to the U.S. Constitution defining national citizenship and forbidding the states to restrict the basic rights of citizens or other persons; ratified in 1868. In addition to the constitutionally established institutions of government institutions (the executive, legislative, and judicial branches), the American political system also consists of an organized group of linkage institutions that allow ordinary, unelected American citizens opportunities to interact and connect with government officials. This perspective focuses on the inequalities between social classes, arguing that that society is in a state of constant conflict between the bourgeoisie (ruling capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class). And if one was to observe the system, they might notice a variety of voting patterns. While interest groups focus primarily on . 3661. can be formal or informal, issues we want to focus on determined by public perceptions, with the increase in technology, campaigns are run completely different now than in the 1950s or earlier, sound bytes, visual images, 1st televised commercial, 1st televised presidential debates, using part of someone's quote to influence people to be for or against them, 1. consensus opinion They make rational choices by working out which party is the best means to achieve their ends. a. It is a way of demonstrating a deep seated loyalty to a party. Self Check References In the years since, many people have come to believe that their votes are not valuable and that their participation will not change things. 3. religious leaders. Requirement. Mix this with questions of how certain an election is, whether your candidate has good odds or other elements, and it can severely diminish turnout. 21, pp. Google Scholar. What is the incremental contribution margin per jar from further processing of Grit 337 into silver polish? (1983) Decade of Dealignment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Retrospective. The sociological factors that affect voting include social class, income, occupation, education, religion, ethnic background, primary groups, geography, sex, and age.Social Class and Income: Very . Despite these expansions of suffrage, voter turnout in the United States continues to lag behind other developed countries, especially among younger voters. - Other people do not vote due to their religious beliefs or because they are traveling. 7. ethnicity Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Expectedly, in their functioning, through the ideological determination and the institutional foundation, political parties express serious mutual differences, especially in terms of the values on. JACKSON, J. E. (1975b) Issues and Party Alignment, in L. Maisel and P. M. Sacks (eds), The Future of Political Parties (Beverly Hills: Sage). Terms and Conditions She refers to Nobel Prize winner Elinor Ostroms book, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, which gives examples of grassroots initiatives as an example of community-led action. attitudes held by a significant number of people on governmental policies and political issues, 4 main factors influencing public opinion, guide people in a certain direction and influences their political opinion. These factors can be put in to two main groups. This unit covers how citizens participate directly and indirectly in the government of the United States. Crossover voting in Wyoming got fresh attention ahead of the 2022 primary as former President Donald Trump and allies sought to discourage the state's dwindling number of Democrats from voting for Cheney as she courted their votes. (1984) Critical Electoral Change in Scandinavia in R. Dalton, S. Flanagan and P. Beck (eds), Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Societies (Princeton: Princeton University Press). He said the price of 1-gram cartridges of marijuana concentrate that retailed for $60-$70 in 2019 is now going for $20. (1976) Party Identification Theory and Political Change in Britain, in I. Budge, I. Crewe and D. Farlie (eds), Party Identification and Beyond (London: Wiley). They stole a Ferrari, and are both being interrogated separately by the police. LIPSET, S. M. (1985) The Elections, the Economy and Public Opinion: 1984, Political Studies, vol. Its resale value is negligible and it does not wear out through use. Unable to display preview. Direct link to 13976's post Does there have to be a c, Posted 3 years ago. Press & Media 105570.
STOKES, D. (1963) Spatial Models of Party Competition, American Political Science Review, vol. 14, pp. What are the sociological and psychological factors that affect voting Socialogical-income and occupation, education, gender, and age, religious and etnic backgrounds, geography, and family and other groups Psychological- party identification, candidates, and issues What are the nominating process a critical step in the election process JENNINGS, M. and NIEMI, R. (1974) The Political Character of Adolescence (Princeton: Princeton University Press). Elections, Public Opinion, and Voting Behavior (Section 32) The purpose of this section is to promote interest in teaching and research on elections, electoral behavior, public opinion, voting turnout, and political participation, both within the United States and in comparative perspective. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18912-0_6, Palgrave Political & Intern. 2. teachers. 19, pp. NORPOTH, H. (1978) Party Identification in West Germany, Comparative Political Studies, vol. In 2016 alone, Trump was able to win the majority of electoral . The researchers attend political debates and record how frequently each candidate displays positive facial expressions. Some argue that federal policies ensure a fair and democratic process, while others argue that they interfere with states' rights and individual freedoms. 47084. She loves trees. A system in which citizens must register to vote in advance of election day; some states allow election-day registration. Direct link to Sarag's post What is an electoral beha. KEY, V. (1966) The Responsible Electorate (New York: Vintage). (1982) Dealing in Votes (Oxford: Martin Robertson). What to sociologists have to say, is there a sociology of voting? 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright Kaplan, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 74, pp. endstream
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The situation is analogous to the Prisoners Dilemma, she says, because both Jones-Rooy and Akchay, the audience member turned criminal, can choose to cooperate for both of their benefit or choose to protect their own self-interest. Voting is a process. What is the minimum number of jars of silver polish that must be sold each month to justify the continued processing of Grit 337 into silver polish? An amendment to the U.S. Constitution providing for the election of two U.S. senators from each state by popular vote and for a term of six years; ratified in 1913. http://wpapp.kaptest.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/kaplan_logo_purple_726-4.png, AP US Government and Politics: Political Participation Notes. Show full text VERBA, S. and NIE, N. H. (1972) Participation in America: Political Democracy and Social Equality (New York: Harper & Row). An amendment to the U.S. Constitution forbidding the use of the poll tax as a requirement for voting in national elections; ratified in 1964. Direct link to adial0220's post how do i out the answers , Posted 3 years ago. Social media provides real-time access and opportunities for political engagement. Police Brutality and Structural Racism in Brazil, Preventing Domestic Violence Through Sociological Theories, Sociology Jobs with Career Advice from Professionals, Environmental Sociology Applied to the Climate Crisis, Midlife Experiences in Sociology Graduate School, Sociology Consulting: How to be a Sociology Consultant. You can also search for this author in In the party identification model, the act of voting is seen as expressive, not instrumental. Sociologists will in general appear to the financial determinants of help for ideological groups, noticing the relationships between's class, occupation, identity, sex, age and vote; political researchers have focusing because of political variables like issues, political projects, appointive missions, and hence the prominence of gathering pioneers on democratic conduct. 118. 2. political leaders. Campaign Finance Legislation & Court Decisions, Benefits of Professional Consultants in US Elections, Drawbacks of Professional Consultants in US Elections, General (Presidential and Midterm) Elections. Sociological voting Question 4 30 seconds Q. 2. the pres in tv and film, people became comfortable seeing a black pres on tv making them more likely to vote for a black pres in reality, all of the complex influences that go into how people see the political world and their role within it, 1. sociological factors Marxism is a sociological conflict theory which suggests that the most important aspect of a social structure is the economy, on which all other institutions and structures are based. (1970) Sociologists, Economists and Democracy (Chicago: Chicago University Press). Direct link to alexander.lopez's post Wouldnt it be 26 amendmen, Posted a year ago. MILLER, W. L. (1987) Dealignment at the Top: The Nature, Origins and Consequences of Labours Crisis, in H. D. Clarke and M. M. Czudnowski (eds), Political Elites in Anglo-American Democracies (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press). Also called the "Motor Voter Act." An amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibiting the restriction of voting rights on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude (e.g., slavery); ratified in 1870. Z6/@8M]}CBu(bA{\C4gzv#n$|Q JDF3^m[7!D'N|9 ]irqREL !sneD?:?22X0B LAZARSFELD, P., BERELSON, B. and GAUDET, H. (1944) The Peoples Choice (New York: Columbia University Press). Our mission is to provide a free, world-class education to anyone, anywhere. Because he prefers to vote for the incumbent candidate, who was a Democrat, and usually only . 5. reagan The modern electoral landscape now involves the increased use of professional consultants, massive campaign spending, and the integration of the Internet and social media throughout all phases of the campaign process. . %%EOF
It's an illustration of the classic social science conundrum known as "The Prisoner's Dilemma". %PDF-1.6
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can be formal or informal. Were all allowed to interact with [the political landscape] in different ways, says Suss. Ivz~/wz 08XLt:Bwzm~ `)+\6ey,{}hwf^a*K5;rdN}0K9+WS&+B 53860. - 94.23.255.57. NIE, N. S., VERBA, S. and PETROCIK, J. Variable selling costs associated with the silver polish are 7.5% of sales. 10, pp. The additional direct costs involved in the processing of a jar of silver polish are: Otheringredients$0.65Directlabor1.48Totaldirectcost$2.13\begin{array}{lrrrr} DOWNS, A. But at its core, voting is an act that benefits everyone, regardless of the results. 24, pp. Required fields are marked *. 1130. Partner Associations. Studies Collection, Political Science and International Studies (R0). Obviously, the answer to this query is both contentious and divisive for many Americans, most of whom appear to have made up their minds as to who they wish to support. 9. family, psychological factors (goes against sociological factors), how a voter sees or views the parties, candidates, and the issues in an election, a person's ideas change over time based on what has gone on in your life, political socialization is impacted by world/national events, 1. great depression However, recent years have led to questions about the value of the vote. Khan Academy is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. CA Privacy Policy. Call 1-800-KAP-TEST or email customer.care@kaplan.com, Contact Us To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. CLARKE, H. D. and CZUDNOWSKI, M. M. (eds) (1987) Political Elites in Anglo-American Democracies (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press). 2838. 71, pp. (1980) The Two Faces of Issue Voting, American Political Science Review, vol. The structural barriers to voting ap gov is the same as the structural barriers to voting ap gov, because voters can be a psychological barrier to voting ap gov. Major barriers have prevented them from electing national candidates, including the winner-take-all system and the incorporation of third-party ideas into Democratic and Republican platforms. Advertising costs for the silver polish total $4,000 per month. BUTLER, D. and STOKES, D. (1974) Political Change in Britain (London: Macmillan). Grit 337 is a coarse cleaning powder with many industrial uses. A. Whether a personal statement of pride or a reminder to others not to forget to vote, the ever . Learn about military and overseas absentee voting. In: Elections and Voters. 4. religion ENELOW, J. and HINICH, M. (1984) The Spatial Theory of Voting: an Introduction (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Donate or volunteer today! How are retrospective and prospective voting different? 2. Retrospective Voting. The silver polish sells for $4.00 per jar. Privacy Policy Suss is also the co-founder of the Resistance Revival Chorus, a womens chorus that promotes freedom and resistance through their songs. Votes are influenced by a host of factors. They don't vote to influence the . Political ideology refers to beliefs about government and power, while efficacy refers to belief in the ability to impact political outcomes. Answers: Because party identification usually leads to 90% of people voting for the party they support. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. COVID-19 Updates Interactions Among Branches of Government Notes. AP U.S. Government and Politics provides a college-level, nonpartisan introduction to key political concepts, ideas, institutions, policies, interactions, roles, and behaviors that characterize the constitutional system and political culture of the United States. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. 107189. 3. cold war The mixing equipment is special-purpose equipment acquired specifically to produce the silver polish. Unlike parties and groups, the Constitution lays out specific protections for a free press within the 1st Amendment. What is a positioning strategy? Its not exactly what you would expect to hear. Many people view voting in elections as the most important of all the linkage institutions. Its inability to explain partisan de-alignment. I also believe this is part of the "bandwagon effect" where people will vote for a candidate because other people are doing it. 36877. 3. education 4. sex Still, both have undergone significant changes since their creation in the nineteenth century due to critical elections and voter realignment. The second definition of voting, as used by the sociologists, is the act of voting to be considered a decision. The Founding Fathers designed the system so that the public would have a voice in government appointments. AP United States Government and Politics 2021 Scoring Guidelines . 1. president. But regardless of the many complicating factors that may appear to cling to voting, it does not disseminate its importance. Direct link to Aleena Gertsch's post why are the fifteenth ame, Posted 2 months ago. The investigation of casting a ballot designs perpetually centers around the determinants of why individuals vote as they are doing and the manner in which they arrive at the decisions they make . This winner-take-all approach of distributing electors has raised questions about the extent to which the Electoral College facilitates or impedes democracy. 4 main factors influencing public opinion. 73, pp. McLEAN, I. He recently began to pursue getting a graduate degree in sociology at Ball State University, where he is studying the relationship of new media, Youtube culture and right-wing politics among college students. Sociology Ch.1 Notes; COMM 2081 - Final Questions part 2; Lab Report 10- Friedel Crafts; BANA 2082 - Chapter 3.2 Lecture Notes; 824 0 obj
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formal leaders. The extension of the right to vote to all adult citizens, with no qualifications based on race, sex, or property ownership. 76, pp. A high-level overview of how people get involved in the political process through voting. The 1997 General Election was apolitical Earthquake, which swigged of over 10 percent from Conservative to Labour. 4. watergate The debate continues to be a central issue in American politics, and the extent of federal policies remains a subject of ongoing debate and negotiation. The Shortest Distance Between You and Science, A project of NYU's Science, Health and Environmental Reporting Program. Does there have to be a certain number for political participation? Isn't there also a type of voting where a person votes for whoever is popular in the region? People Who Cannot Vote Many people cannot legally vote. 1. celebrities. Kevin Pattah, a Michigan native who came to Oklahoma to get into the cannabis business, now operates six Mango Cannabis retail locations across the state. HILL, D. B. and LUTTBEG, N. R. (1983) Trends in American Electoral Behaviour, 2nd edn (New York: Peacock). 2. psychological factors, personal, social characteristics or demographics, 1. income Part of Springer Nature. FIORINA, M. (1977) An Outline of a Model of Party Choice, American Journal of Political Science, vol. Generally, citizens older than 65, those with higher incomes, and those with more education tend to have the highest turnout; conversely, citizens under 30 years old, those lacking college education, and those earning lower incomes tend to have much lower turnout. ANDERSEN, K. (1979) The Creation of a Democratic Majority 19281936 (Chicago: Chicago University Press). It is combined with several other ingredients to form a paste that is marketed as Sparkle silver polish. While voting rights have expanded throughout American history, at the birth of the republic, many groups were denied suffragemost notably persons of color and women. An amendment to the U.S. Constitution lowering the voting age to 18; ratified in 1971. Register and request a ballot with the Federal Post Card Application (FPCA) Vote the "backup" Federal Write-in Absentee Ballot (FWAB) Find your election office contact information. Any U.S. citizen who is at least eighteen years old on election day and not disqualified due to a felony conviction; some states add additional criteria that trigger disqualification, such as being declared mentally incompetent by a court. What term do psychologists use to describe our tendency to search for evidence that supports our opinion? Also political factors which is called short-term factors which focuses on the way people vote in general elections. 13971. b. 11, pp. based on predictions on how future will perform. 2. While there are legitimate concerns to be had about political parties potentially manipulating an elections results to their benefit, the history of voter fraud is limited at best. Sociology majors learn how to study people and the roles they play in society, both as individuals and in groups. While most of its products are processed independently, a few are related, such as the companys Grit 337 and its Sparkle silver polish. What is one amendment that extended suffrage to a new group of people? Established the popular election of US senators. DUNLEAVY, P. and HUSBANDS, C. (1985) British Democracy at the Crossroads (London: Allen & Unwin). WEISBERG, H. (1983) A Multidimensional Conceptualisation of Party Identification, Political Behaviour, vol. n1sQG3oaI6S(IJ*Dxr~U3Q. A fixed-sum tax payable by all relevant individuals, such as all residents of a state; used historically by some US states as a precondition to registering to vote in order to discourage certain groups from participation (for example, African Americans). Sociology Quotes: Theory Graphics for the Classroom. FRANKLIN, M. N. (1985) The Decline of Class Voting (Oxford: University Press). What is the difference between Rational Choice Theory and Prospective Voting? They are both faced with a dilemma: should they stay silent and go to jail, or turn in their partner and potentially go free? Any of the laws that enforced racial segregation in the South between the end of Reconstruction in 1877 and the civil rights movement in the mid-twentieth century. You can connect with Christopher on Twitter and LinkedIn. Direct link to Yagnesh Peddatimmareddy's post Voting behavior is the P, Posted 4 months ago. sorry ap us government and politics: topic voting rights and models of voting behavior warm up is lowering the voting age to 16 constitutionally permissible. ABRAMSON, P. R. (1983) Political Attitudes in America (San Francisco: Freeman). Overhead costs associated with processing the silver polish are: The production supervisor has no duties other than to oversee production of the silver polish. guide people in a certain direction and influences their political opinion. With very few exceptions, electors from each state plus Washington, D.C., vote for the candidate who won their statewide popular vote. hbbd```b``o0"A$ 0G $k=!h
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2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. d. Increase an asset and increase owners equity. "I can't control what you're doing, but I can think about my options," says Andrea Jones-Rooy, an independent researcher (and sometime stand-up comedian) with a Ph.D. in political science, at a recent talk held at New York City's . Through her work, Suss aims to illustrate that the political system is not just reserved for certain people who may know more about it; rather, everyone should participate. Andrea Jones-Rooy, a political scientist from New York and writer for 538, argues that it is not an individual rational act, but rather an irrational act committed in the contextof communities.